Heart Failure Management in Limassol

Heart failure means that the heart is not pumping or filling as effectively as the body needs. It does not mean that the heart has stopped. With an accurate diagnosis, modern treatment and regular follow-up, many people with heart failure live longer, feel better and remain active. At Cardiology Center Zacharias Kounnis in Limassol, we provide diagnosis, treatment optimisation and long-term monitoring for people with heart failure and those at risk of developing it.

Symptoms of Heart Failure

• shortness of breath on exertion, when lying flat or waking at night breathless;
• swollen ankles, legs or abdomen;
• tiredness and reduced exercise tolerance;
• rapid weight gain due to fluid retention;
• persistent cough or wheeze;
• palpitations or a fast heart rate.

Read more in What Is Heart Failure? and Shortness of Breath During Light Activity.

Common Causes

Heart failure is usually the result of another condition that has damaged or strained the heart, such as:

• coronary artery disease and previous heart attack;
• long-standing high blood pressure;
• heart valve disease;
• cardiomyopathy, including inherited forms;
• arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation;
• diabetes and metabolic disease – see our cardio-diabetology service;
• some cancer treatments – see cardio-oncology.

How Heart Failure Is Diagnosed

The NHS guidance on heart failure lists blood tests, an ECG and an echocardiogram among the key investigations. At our centre, assessment may include:

• a detailed consultation and clinical examination;
• an echocardiogram – the central test, measuring pumping function (ejection fraction), filling pressures and valve function;
• an ECG to assess rhythm and signs of previous heart damage;
• blood tests, including natriuretic peptides (BNP or NT-proBNP), kidney function, electrolytes, blood count, iron levels and thyroid function;
• lung ultrasound to detect fluid in the lungs (congestion) at the bedside;
• a stress test or other tests to look for underlying coronary artery disease when appropriate.

Modern Heart Failure Treatment

Heart failure treatment has advanced considerably. The 2026 ESC Guidelines on heart failure describe a staged approach, from preventing heart failure in people at risk to treating advanced disease. Management is individualised and may include:

• Disease-modifying medicines, which can reduce symptoms, hospital admissions and mortality when used at the right combination and doses.
• Diuretics to relieve fluid retention and breathlessness.
• Treatment of the underlying cause – such as blood pressure, coronary disease, valve disease or rhythm problems.
• Management of related conditions, including diabetes, kidney disease, iron deficiency and sleep apnoea.
• Referral for devices or procedures, such as pacemakers, defibrillators or valve interventions, when indicated.

Living Well With Heart Failure

Daily habits make a real difference:

• take your medicines regularly – see why medication adherence matters;
• weigh yourself daily and report sudden weight gain;
• limit salt intake (read about hidden salt in everyday foods);
• stay physically active within the limits agreed with your cardiologist;
• avoid smoking and limit alcohol;
• attend regular follow-up appointments, so treatment can be adjusted over time.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can heart failure improve?

Yes. In many patients, heart function and symptoms improve significantly with appropriate treatment, especially when the cause is treated early.

How often do I need follow-up?

It depends on your condition and how stable it is. Follow-up is usually more frequent when treatment is being started or adjusted.

Can heart failure be prevented?

Controlling blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes and weight greatly reduces the risk. Our preventive cardiology programme focuses on identifying risk early.

Book Your Heart Failure Assessment in Limassol

To arrange an appointment, call +357 25 389696 or contact our cardiology centre in Limassol. Bring any previous reports, test results and a list of your current medicines. If you are unsure which test you need, the team can help you decide before your visit. You can also read more about Dr Zacharias Kounnis and our cardiology centre.

This page provides general information and does not replace a medical consultation. If you have severe chest pain, sudden breathlessness or fainting, call 112 immediately.